定语从句 引导词如何使用?
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等.关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句.2,代替先行词.3,在定语从句中担当一个成分.
关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意:关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.
[编辑本段](六)判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.不及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词;而及物动词后接宾语,则要求用关系代词.例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出.)
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案:
例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose);
先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that.As一般http://baike.baidu.com/view/56536.html?wtp=tt放在句首,which在句中.
如果没看懂http://baike.baidu.com/view/56536.html?wtp=tt
定语从句引导词及用法总结有哪些?
1、关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语,whose作定语。代人的有:who,whom,whose,that;代物的有:that,which,whose。2、关系副词有:when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因),在定语从句中作状语。注意:不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从,不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。关系选择关系词包括关系代词(英语:relative pronoun)、关系副词(英语:relative adverb)和关系限定词(英语:relative determiner)。关系词的选择主要涉及以下因素:1、先行词是人还是事物。2、关系词在关系从句中的句法功能。3、关系从句是限制性的还是非限制性的。4、是口语还是书面语。
定语从句怎么学啊?
定语从句结构为:定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句定语从句,一个句子跟在一名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。通俗来讲,从句在整个句子中做定语,这个从句就叫做定语从句。从句在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。扩展资料限定性从句和非限定性从句的区别(1)从结构上来看,限定性从句不能用逗号与先行词分开;而非限定性从句却必须用逗号分开。引导非限定性从句的关系代词不能省略。例如:The clock,which my great-grandfather bought,is still in good order.这时钟是我曾祖父买的,现 在还是走得很准。(2)两种形容词性从句往往赋予同一个先行词以不同的含义。例如:My sister who lives in London is a doctor.我住在伦敦的妹妹是医生。My sister,who lives in London,is a doctor.我的妹妹是一个医生,她住在伦敦。(3)非限定性从句可以把整个主句当作先行词,而限定性从句没有这种功能。非限定性从句修饰整个主句时,只能用which或as来引导。例如:I said nothing,which made him still more angry.我一声不吭,这使他更加生气。He was a Frenchman,as I could tell from his accent.他是个法国人,我从他的口音中可以听出来。He was drunk,which seemed to make a bad impression on the policeman.他喝醉了,这似乎给警察留下了不好的印象。参考资料来源:百度百科—定语从句
定语从句怎么学习?
定语从句结构为:定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句。一、定语从句的含义定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分。例如:It’s the book that I bought yesterday.这句话中that引导的I bought yesterday就是一个定语从句,用来修饰the book。二、定语从句的两大概念定语从句的核心内容是围绕先行词和关系词展开的。正确理解先行词是理解定语从句的关键,而关系词的选择和使用则是定语从句的主要内容。1、先行词所谓先行词,就是定语从句所修饰的成分。例如上面的例子中,the book就是定语从句的先行词。需要注意的是,先行词可以是一个词,也可以是一个短语或句子。2、关系词定语从句总是由一定的关系词来连接的,关系词在定语从句中主要起两大作用,一是连接定语从句和句子的其余部分,二是用来指代先行词,在定语从句中作句子成分。需要注意的是,关系代词或关系副词都是要在从句中充当成分的,所以是不可或缺的,不过关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常省略。关系代词:who,whom(指人) which (指物) that,whose(指人或指物)关系副词:when(时间) where(地点) why(原因)扩展资料定语从句的分析:1、抓住先行词只有准确找出先行词,才能明白定语从句所修饰的成分是什么,从而分清句子结构。需要注意的是,先行词有时会和关系词分隔,中间插入其他成分,这时必须仔细辨别。例如:I don’t suppose anything happens that he doesn’t foresee.分析:先行词anything与关系代词that被suppose的宾语从句里的谓语动词happens所隔开。2、分析先行词/关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分找到先行词/关系词以后,将先行词/关系词代入到从句中,分析其在定语从句中充当的成分。例如:I don’t suppose anything happens that he doesn’t foresee.分析:先行词anything和关系词that分别代入到定语从句中,都充当foresee的宾语。3、分析从句含义完成以上两步之后,这一步就比较简单了,理清从句的句子结构再结合句中词语的意思即可理解从句的含义。4、整体理解长难句将主句和从句整合在一起,整体把握句子的结构和含义。根据以上四个步骤,我们来对一个真题长难句进行分析:For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of importance that came from being a loyal employee.先行词:the security, benefits and sense of importance;先行词/关系词在定语从句中充当主语,定语从句可改写为the security, benefits and sense of importance came from being a loyal employee;定语从句结构非常清晰:主语that,谓语came from being,宾语a loyal employee;意为“…来自于作为一名忠实的雇员”;结合主句,这句话的意思是“对于雇员来说,这意味着失去作为一名忠实雇员所带来的安全感、福利待遇以及自豪感”。