鸥[鸟类]
体长达40厘米。头和颈为深褐色，后部转为黑褐色；眼周有白色羽圈；下背、肩、腰及两翅和内侧覆羽和次级飞羽均为珠灰色，飞羽先端近白。上背、外侧大覆羽和初级覆羽均为白色。第1枚初级飞羽白色，内外翈边缘及先端黑色，第2～5枚飞羽的黑色外缘逐渐减少，内翈转为深灰色，内缘及羽端仍为黑色；第6枚飞羽深灰色，仍具黑色近端斑，羽斑白色；基余初级飞羽为纯灰色。尾上覆羽，尾羽皆为白色。下体全为白色，胸、腹略淡灰色。虹膜暗褐色；嘴赤红色，先端黑色；脚和趾赤红色，冬时转为橙黄色；爪为凹蹼足是黑色。飞翔时的鸥（又称海鸥）
栖息于沿海及内陆湖泊、河流。成群活动。善游泳，不能潜水。以鱼、虾、水生昆虫、软体动物等为食。集群繁殖，巢营于干草堆、芦苇丛中或平坦而潮湿的土壤上。每窝产卵2～4枚，卵壳淡绿色或浅褐色，缀以斑点。在东北中部繁殖。春、秋季节飞经河北、新疆等地。冬时遍布中国南方各地，沿海各省尤为常见。
悉尼的红嘴鸥红嘴鸥
??美国银鸥，Larus smithsonianus大白头鸥
??安地斯鸥，Larus serranus
??亚美尼亚鸥，Larus armenicus大白头鸥
??地中海鸥，Larus audouinii
??斑尾鸥，Larus belcheri
??新西兰黑嘴鸥，Larus bulleri
??红嘴鸥，Larus ridibundus
??黑尾鸥，Larus crassirostris
??博氏鸥，Larus philadelphia
??棕头鸥，Larus brunnicephalus
??褐头鸥，Larus maculipennis
??加州鸥，Larus californicus
??黄脚银鸥，Larus cachinnans大白头鸥
??海鸥Larus canus
??麦哲伦鸥，Larus scoresbii
??织女银鸥，Larus vegae大白头鸥
??弗氏鸥，Larus pipixcan
??北极鸥，Larus hyperboreus大白头鸥
??灰翅鸥，Larus glaucescens大白头鸥
??大黑背鸥，Larus marinus大白头鸥
??渔鸥，Larus ichthyaetus
??灰鸥，Larus modestus
??灰头鸥，Larus cirrocephalus
??哈氏鸥，Larus hartlaubii
??红嘴灰鸥，Larus heermanni
??银鸥，Larus argentatus大白头鸥
??冰岛鸥，Larus glaucoides大白头鸥
??白鸥，Pagophila eburnea
??黑背鸥，Larus dominicanus大白头鸥
??三趾鸥，Rissa tridactyla
??红腿三趾鸥，Rissa brevirostris
??笑鸥，Larus atricilla
??岩鸥，Larus fuliginosus
??小黑背鸥，Larus fuscus大白头鸥
??小鸥，Larus minutus
??地中鸥，Larus melanocephalus
??大西洋鸥，Larus atlanticus
??太平洋鸥，Larus pacificus
??新西兰红嘴鸥，Larus scopulinus
??遗鸥，Larus relictus
??环嘴鸥，Larus delawarensis
??楔尾鸥，Rhodostethia rosea
??叉尾鸥，Xema sabini
??黑嘴鸥，Larus saundersi
??澳洲银鸥，Larus novaehollandiae
??灰背鸥，Larus schistisagus大白头鸥
??细嘴鸥，Larus genei
??白领鸥，Larus hemprichii
??燕尾鸥，Creagrus furcatus
??泰氏银鸥，Larus thayeri大白头鸥
??西美鸥，Larus occidentalis大白头鸥
??白眼鸥，Larus leucophthalmus
??黄脚鸥，Larus livens大白头鸥
??黄脚银鸥，Larus michahellis大白头鸥
美国鸟类学家联合会将燕鸥科、贼鸥科及剪嘴鸥科归类为鸥科的亚科。
